Why are Westerners individualistic ?
when i was searching of articles in biology/biochemistry in PNAS journal, i found two articles about the differences between westerners and east asians. It was very surprising, because yesterday i already wrote about how individualistic the german people... (in conjunction with my last post :)...different cultures different the way of thinking
to read more, please click the title above
Culture and point of view
Richard E. Nisbett and Takahiko Masuda
*Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and {ddagger}Department of Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Letters, Hokkaido University, N 10 W 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
Proceeding of National of Academy Sciences of the United states of America
East Asians and Westerners perceive the world and think about it in very different ways. Westerners are inclined to attend to some focal object, analyzing its attributes and categorizing it in an effort to find out what rules govern its behavior. Rules used include formal logic. Causal attributions tend to focus exclusively on the object and are therefore often mistaken. East Asians are more likely to attend to a broad perceptual and conceptual field, noticing relationships and changes and grouping objects based on family resemblance rather than category membership. Causal attributions emphasize the context. Social factors are likely to be important in directing attention. East Asians live in complex social networks with prescribed role relations. Attention to context is important to effective functioning. More independent Westerners live in less constraining social worlds and have the luxury of attending to the object and their goals with respect to it. The physical "affordances" of the environment may also influence perception. The built environments of the East are more complex and contain more objects than do those of the West. In addition, artistic products of the East emphasize the field and deemphasize individual objects, including people. Western art renders less of the field and emphasizes individual objects and people.




















